A combination of probiotics and an herbal supplement called Triphala extended the lives of fruit flies by 60 percent, report researchers.
The study, published in Scientific Reports, adds to a growing body of evidence of the influence that gut bacteria can have on health. The researchers incorporated a symbiotic—made of probiotics with a polyphenol-rich supplement—into the diet of fruit flies.
The flies fed with the symbiotic lived up to 66 days—26 days more than the ones without the supplement. They also showed reduced traits of aging, such as mounting insulin resistance, inflammation, and oxidative stress.
“Probiotics dramatically change the architecture of the gut microbiota, not only in its composition but also in respect to how the foods that we eat are metabolized,” says Satya Prakash, professor of biomedical engineering in McGill University’s Faculty of Medicine and senior author of the study. “This allows a single probiotic formulation to simultaneously act on several biochemical signaling pathways to elicit broad beneficial physiological effects, and explains why the single formulation we present in this paper has such a dramatic effect on so many different markers.”
Fruit flies and mammals share about 70 percent similarity in biochemical pathways, adds Prakash. “The effects in humans would likely not be as dramatic, but our results definitely suggest that a diet specifically incorporating Triphala along with these probiotics will promote a long and healthy life.”
The authors also say that the “gut-brain axis,” a bidirectional communication system between microorganisms residing in the gastrointestinal tract and the brain likely explain the findings.
In the past few years, studies have shown the gut-brain axis to be involved in neuropathological changes and a variety of conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome, neurodegeneration, and even depression. Few studies, however, have successfully designed gut microbiota-modulating therapeutics having effects as potent or broad as the formulation presented in the new study.
The herbal supplement used in the study, Triphala, is a formulation made from amalaki, bibhitaki, and haritaki, fruits used as medicinal plants in Ayurveda, a form of traditional Indian medicine.
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Susan Westfall, a former PhD student at McGill and lead author of the study, says the idea of combining Triphala and probiotics comes from her long-standing interest in studying natural products derived from traditional Indian medicine and their impact on neurodegenerative diseases.
“At the onset of this study, we were hopeful that combining Triphala with probiotics would be at least a little better than their individual components in terms of physiological benefit, but we did not imagine how successful this formulation would be,” says Westfall, who is now a postdoctoral fellow at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York, USA.
The new study includes data filed in a US provisional patent through a company cofounded by the authors.
Considering the broad physiological effects of this formulation shown in the fruit fly, Prakash hopes their formulation could have interesting applications in a number of human disorders such as diabetes, obesity, neurodegeneration, chronic inflammation, depression, irritable bowel syndrome, and even cancer.
The Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research supported the work.
Source: McGill University
