Despite efforts to move cancer survivor care out of the realm of specialists, new research suggests that primary care medicine may be insufficient in meeting the needs of cancer survivors.
The study examined 12 advanced primary care practices from a national registry of workforce innovators. Not one had a comprehensive survivorship care program in place.
“This is troubling because these are highly innovative practices that have a national reputation,” says study coauthor Benjamin Crabtree, a medical anthropologist who is a professor in the family medicine and community health department at the Rutgers University Robert Wood Johnson Medical School (RWJMS) and a member of the Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey.
“As more and more people survive cancer, there will not be enough oncologists to follow these patients and meet their health care needs.”
According to the National Cancer Institute, there are 15.5 million cancer survivors in the United States, a number expected to increase by 31 percent to 20.3 million, by 2026. The vast majority of these patients go to primary care practices.
A decade ago the Institute of Medicine released a key report, “From Cancer Patient to Survivor: Lost in Translation,” outlining the need for well-informed primary care survivorship physicians and identifying the components of care. Survivorship care includes checking for cancer re-occurrence, monitoring long-term effects of radiation, and chemotherapy treatment and assessing a patient’s psychological well-being.
The researchers, who over two years spent 10 to 12 days observing each of the practices (based in Colorado, Illinois, Maine, New York, Pennsylvania, and Washington) and interviewing clinicians and administrators, identified several barriers to integrating survivorship care into primary medicine.
- No distinct clinical category for clinicians to identify cancer survivors exists. “There is no diagnosis code for ‘cancer survivor’ that can be entered into the medical record, which is important if you want physicians to pay attention,” Crabtree says.
- Electronic medical records (EHR) used in primary care practices have limited capability to record information on patients’ cancer history and clinicians are not provided with actionable recommendations for follow up care.
- Medical records sometimes are lost as patients change clinicians over the years, leaving patients to report their cancer histories to their primary care doctors.
In addition to these issues, primary care physicians are concerned about their knowledge gaps in cancer care and the need to monitor changing information in oncology.
“There is nothing in the residency curriculum about cancer survivorship,” Crabtree says. “There is also nothing in Continuing Medical Education courses. It’s just not there.”
Only by correcting these deficiencies, can comprehensive cancer survivorship services move to the forefront of primary care, the study states.
“Seventy-five percent of survivors are seen in primary care,” the authors write, “demonstrating a reliance on primary care to address their needs; however, those needs are currently not being met.”
The researchers report their work in the journal JAMA Internal Medicine.
Additional researchers contributing to the work are from Rutgers University; the University of Michigan; and the Lehigh Valley Health network, Allentown, Pennsylvania.
Source: Rutgers University
